Journal: Neural regeneration research
Article Title: Microglial depletion impairs glial scar formation and aggravates inflammation partly by inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation in astrocytes after spinal cord injury.
doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.357912
Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5 |LPS-activated microglia promote astrocyte proliferation in vitro. (A) EdU staining and cellular localization with astrocytes cocultured under different conditions. (B) Western blotting analysis of STAT3, pSTAT3 and GFAP in the mixed cells after 24 hours of incubation. (C, D) The quantification of pSTAT3 (C, n = 3) and GFAP (D, n = 3) was normalized to β-actin. (E) LPS-activated microglia significantly increases the proportion of EdU+/GFAP+ astrocytes, which was reversed by STA21 (an inhibitor of STAT3) pretreatment (n = 6). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001 (one-way analysis of variance with Tukey’s post hoc test). Data are expressed as the mean ± SD. Western blot experiments were repeated three times. Immunofluorescence staining was repeated six times. DAPI: 4′,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole; EdU: 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine; GFAP: glial fibrillary acidic protein; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; pSTAT3: phosphorylated STAT3; SCI: spinal cord injury; STAT3: signal transducers and activators of transcription 3.
Article Snippet: To assess the role of STAT3 signaling, astrocytes were pretreated with 10 μM STA21 (an inhibitor of STAT3, Selleck, Shanghai, China, Cat# S7951) for 72 hours before coculture.
Techniques: In Vitro, Staining, Western Blot, Incubation, Immunofluorescence